Predloga:List of chemical elements: Razlika med redakcijama

Izbrisana vsebina Dodana vsebina
Nova stran z vsebino: <noinclude>__TOC__</noinclude> {| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:right; vertical-align:top;" ! <!-- HEADER row 1/4 --> colspan=16 style="vertical-align:top;" | {{navbar-collapsible|1=List of chemical elements|2=Template:List of chemical elements}} |- <!-- HEADER row 2/4 --> style="vertical-align:top" ! colspan="3" | Element ! Origin of name<ref>{{cite web|title=Periodic Table – Royal Society of Chemistry...
(ni razlike)

Redakcija: 20:41, 21. januar 2022

Element Origin of name[1][2] Group Period Block Standard
atomic
weight
[a]
Density[b][c] Melting point[d] Boiling point[e] Specific
heat
capacity
[f]
Electro­negativity[g] Abundance
in Earth's
crust
[h]
Origin[i] Phase at r.t.[j]
Atomic number
Z
Symbol Name (Da) (g/cm3) (K) (K) (J/· K) (mg/kg)
 
1 H Vodik Greek elements hydro- and -gen, 'water-forming' 1 1 blok s 1,008 000008988 1401 2028 14304 220 1400 prvobitno plin
2 He Helij Greek hḗlios, 'sun' 18 1 blok s 4,0026 00001785 [k] 422 5193 0008 prvobitno plin
3 Li Litij Greek líthos, 'stone' 1 2 blok s 6,94 0534 45369 1560 3582 098 20 prvobitno trdnina
4 Be Berilij Beryl, a mineral (ultimately from the name of Belur in southern India)[3] 2 2 blok s 9,0122 185 1560 2742 1825 157 28 prvobitno trdnina
5 B Bor Borax, a mineral (from Arabic bawraq) 13 2 blok p 10,81 234 2349 4200 1026 204 10 prvobitno trdnina
6 C Ogljik Latin carbo, 'coal' 14 2 blok p 12,011 2267 >4000 4300 0709 255 200 prvobitno trdnina
7 N Dušik Greek nítron and -gen, 'niter-forming' 15 2 blok p 14,007 00012506 6315 7736 104 304 19 prvobitno plin
8 O Kisik Greek oxy- and -gen, 'acid-forming' 16 2 blok p 15,999 0001429 5436 9020 0918 344 461000 prvobitno plin
9 F Fluor Latin fluere, 'to flow' 17 2 blok p 18,998 0001696 5353 8503 0824 398 585 prvobitno plin
10 Ne Neon Greek néon, 'new' 18 2 blok p 20,180 00008999 2456 2707 103 0005 prvobitno plin
11 Na Natrij English (from medieval Latin) soda
 ·  Symbol Na is derived from New Latin natrium, coined from German Natron, 'natron'
1 3 blok s 22,990 0971 37087 1156 1228 093 23600 prvobitno trdnina
12 Mg Magnezij Magnesia, a district of Eastern Thessaly in Greece 2 3 blok s 24,305 1738 923 1363 1023 131 23300 prvobitno trdnina
13 Al Aluminij Alumina, from Latin alumen (gen. aluminis), 'bitter salt, alum' 13 3 blok p 26,982 2698 93347 2792 0897 161 82300 prvobitno trdnina
14 Si Silicij Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium) 14 3 blok p 28,085 23296 1687 3538 0705 19 282000 prvobitno trdnina
15 P Fosfor Greek phōsphóros, 'light-bearing' 15 3 blok p 30,974 182 31730 550 0769 219 1050 prvobitno trdnina
16 S Žveplo Latin sulphur, 'brimstone' 16 3 blok p 32,06 2067 38836 71787 071 258 350 prvobitno trdnina
17 Cl Klor Greek chlōrós, 'greenish yellow' 17 3 blok p 35,45 0003214 1716 23911 0479 316 145 prvobitno plin
18 Ar Argon Greek argós, 'idle' (because of its inertness) 18 3 blok p 39,95 00017837 8380 8730 052 35 prvobitno plin
19 K Kalij New Latin potassa, 'potash', itself from pot and ash
 ·  Symbol K is derived from Latin kalium
1 4 blok s 39,098 0862 33653 1032 0757 082 20900 prvobitno trdnina
20 Ca Kalcij Latin calx, 'lime' 2 4 blok s 40,078 154 1115 1757 0647 100 41500 prvobitno trdnina
21 Sc Skandij Latin Scandia, 'Scandinavia' 3 4 blok d 44,956 2989 1814 3109 0568 136 22 prvobitno trdnina
22 Ti Titan Titans, the sons of the Earth goddess of Greek mythology 4 4 blok d 47,867 454 1941 3560 0523 154 5650 prvobitno trdnina
23 V Vanadij Vanadis, an Old Norse name for the Scandinavian goddess Freyja 5 4 blok d 50,942 611 2183 3680 0489 163 120 prvobitno trdnina
24 Cr Krom Greek chróma, 'colour' 6 4 blok d 51,996 715 2180 2944 0449 166 102 prvobitno trdnina
25 Mn Mangan Corrupted from magnesia negra; see § magnesium 7 4 blok d 54,938 744 1519 2334 0479 155 950 prvobitno trdnina
26 Fe Železo English word
 ·  Symbol Fe is derived from Latin ferrum
8 4 blok d 55,845 7874 1811 3134 0449 183 56300 prvobitno trdnina
27 Co Kobalt German Kobold, 'goblin' 9 4 blok d 58,933 886 1768 3200 0421 188 25 prvobitno trdnina
28 Ni Nikelj Nickel, a mischievous sprite of German miner mythology 10 4 blok d 58,693 8912 1728 3186 0444 191 84 prvobitno trdnina
29 Cu Baker English word, from Latin cuprum, from Ancient Greek Kýpros 'Cyprus' 11 4 blok d 63,546 896 135777 2835 0385 190 60 prvobitno trdnina
30 Zn Cink Most likely from German Zinke, 'prong' or 'tooth', though some suggest Persian sang, 'stone' 12 4 blok d 65,38 7134 69288 1180 0388 165 70 prvobitno trdnina
31 Ga Galij Latin Gallia, 'France' 13 4 blok p 69,723 5907 3029146 2673 0371 181 19 prvobitno trdnina
32 Ge Germanij Latin Germania, 'Germany' 14 4 blok p 72,630 5323 121140 3106 032 201 15 prvobitno trdnina
33 As Arzen French arsenic, from Greek arsenikón 'yellow arsenic' (influenced by arsenikós, 'masculine' or 'virile'), from a West Asian wanderword ultimately from Old Iranian *zarniya-ka, 'golden' 15 4 blok p 74,922 5776 1090[l] 887 0329 218 18 prvobitno trdnina
34 Se Selen Greek selḗnē, 'moon' 16 4 blok p 78,971 4809 453 958 0321 255 005 prvobitno trdnina
35 Br Brom Greek brômos, 'stench' 17 4 blok p 79,904 3122 2658 3320 0474 296 24 prvobitno kapljevina
36 Kr Kripton Greek kryptós, 'hidden' 18 4 blok p 83,798 0003733 11579 11993 0248 300 1×10−4 prvobitno plin
37 Rb Rubidij Latin rubidus, 'deep red' 1 5 blok s 85,468 1532 31246 961 0363 082 90 prvobitno trdnina
38 Sr Stroncij Strontian, a village in Scotland, where it was found 2 5 blok s 87,62 264 1050 1655 0301 095 370 prvobitno trdnina
39 Y Itrij Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also terbium, erbium, ytterbium 3 5 blok d 88,906 4469 1799 3609 0298 122 33 prvobitno trdnina
40 Zr Cirkonij Zircon, a mineral, from Persian zargun, 'gold-hued' 4 5 blok d 91,224 6506 2128 4682 0278 133 165 prvobitno trdnina
41 Nb Niobij Niobe, daughter of king Tantalus from Greek mythology; see also tantalum 5 5 blok d 92,906 857 2750 5017 0265 16 20 prvobitno trdnina
42 Mo Molibden Greek molýbdaina, 'piece of lead', from mólybdos, 'lead', due to confusion with lead ore galena (PbS) 6 5 blok d 95,95 1022 2896 4912 0251 216 12 prvobitno trdnina
43 Tc Tehnecij Greek tekhnētós, 'artificial' 7 5 blok d [97][a] 115 2430 4538 19 ~ 3×10−9 iz razpada trdnina
44 Ru Rutenij New Latin Ruthenia, 'Russia' 8 5 blok d 101,07 1237 2607 4423 0238 22 0001 prvobitno trdnina
45 Rh Rodij Greek rhodóeis, 'rose-coloured', from rhódon, 'rose' 9 5 blok d 102,91 1241 2237 3968 0243 228 0001 prvobitno trdnina
46 Pd Paladij Pallas, an asteroid, considered a planet at the time 10 5 blok d 106,42 1202 182805 3236 0244 220 0015 prvobitno trdnina
47 Ag Srebro English word
 ·  Symbol Ag is derived from Latin argentum
11 5 blok d 107,87 10501 123493 2435 0235 193 0075 prvobitno trdnina
48 Cd Kadmij New Latin cadmia, from King Kadmos 12 5 blok d 112,41 869 59422 1040 0232 169 0159 prvobitno trdnina
49 In Indij Latin indicum, 'indigo', the blue colour found in its spectrum 13 5 blok p 114,82 731 42975 2345 0233 178 025 prvobitno trdnina
50 Sn Kositer English word
 ·  Symbol Sn is derived from Latin stannum
14 5 blok p 118,71 7287 50508 2875 0228 196 23 prvobitno trdnina
51 Sb Antimon Latin antimonium, the origin of which is uncertain: folk etymologies suggest it is derived from Greek antí ('against') + mónos ('alone'), or Old French anti-moine, 'Monk's bane', but it could plausibly be from or related to Arabic ʾiṯmid, 'antimony', reformatted as a Latin word
 ·  Symbol Sb is derived from Latin stibium 'stibnite'
15 5 blok p 121,76 6685 90378 1860 0207 205 02 prvobitno trdnina
52 Te Telur Latin tellus, 'the ground, earth' 16 5 blok p 127,60 6232 72266 1261 0202 21 0001 prvobitno trdnina
53 I Jod French iode, from Greek ioeidḗs, 'violet' 17 5 blok p 126,90 493 38685 4574 0214 266 045 prvobitno trdnina
54 Xe Ksenon Greek xénon, neuter form of xénos 'strange' 18 5 blok p 131,29 0005887 1614 16503 0158 260 3×10−5 prvobitno plin
55 Cs Cezij Latin caesius, 'sky-blue' 1 6 blok s 132,91 1873 30159 944 0242 079 3 prvobitno trdnina
56 Ba Barij Greek barýs, 'heavy' 2 6 blok s 137,33 3594 1000 2170 0204 089 425 prvobitno trdnina
57 La Lantan Greek lanthánein, 'to lie hidden' n/a 6 blok f 138,91 6145 1193 3737 0195 11 39 prvobitno trdnina
58 Ce Cerij Ceres, a dwarf planet, considered a planet at the time n/a 6 blok f 140,12 677 1068 3716 0192 112 665 prvobitno trdnina
59 Pr Prazeodim Greek prásios dídymos, 'green twin' n/a 6 blok f 140,91 6773 1208 3793 0193 113 92 prvobitno trdnina
60 Nd Neodim Greek néos dídymos, 'new twin' n/a 6 blok f 144,24 7007 1297 3347 019 114 415 prvobitno trdnina
61 Pm Prometij Prometheus, a figure in Greek mythology n/a 6 blok f [145] 726 1315 3273 113 2×10−19 prvobitno trdnina
62 Sm Samarij Samarskite, a mineral named after V. Samarsky-Bykhovets, Russian mine official n/a 6 blok f 150,36 752 1345 2067 0197 117 705 prvobitno trdnina
63 Eu Evropij Europe n/a 6 blok f 151,96 5243 1099 1802 0182 12 2 prvobitno trdnina
64 Gd Gadolinij Gadolinite, a mineral named after Johan Gadolin, Finnish chemist, physicist and mineralogist n/a 6 blok f 157,25 7895 1585 3546 0236 12 62 prvobitno trdnina
65 Tb Terbij Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also yttrium, erbium, ytterbium n/a 6 blok f 158,93 8229 1629 3503 0182 12 12 prvobitno trdnina
66 Dy Disprozij Greek dysprósitos, 'hard to get' n/a 6 blok f 162,50 855 1680 2840 017 122 52 prvobitno trdnina
67 Ho Holmij New Latin Holmia, 'Stockholm' n/a 6 blok f 164,93 8795 1734 2993 0165 123 13 prvobitno trdnina
68 Er Erbij Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also yttrium, terbium, ytterbium n/a 6 blok f 167,26 9066 1802 3141 0168 124 35 prvobitno trdnina
69 Tm Tulij Thule, the ancient name for an unclear northern location n/a 6 blok f 168,93 9321 1818 2223 016 125 052 prvobitno trdnina
70 Yb Iterbij Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also yttrium, terbium, erbium n/a 6 blok f 173,05 6965 1097 1469 0155 11 32 prvobitno trdnina
71 Lu Lutecij Latin Lutetia, 'Paris' 3 6 blok d 174,97 984 1925 3675 0154 127 08 prvobitno trdnina
72 Hf Hafnij New Latin Hafnia, 'Copenhagen' (from Danish havn, harbour) 4 6 blok d 178,49 1331 2506 4876 0144 13 3 prvobitno trdnina
73 Ta Tantal King Tantalus, father of Niobe from Greek mythology; see also niobium 5 6 blok d 180,95 16654 3290 5731 014 15 2 prvobitno trdnina
74 W Volfram Swedish tung sten, 'heavy stone'
 ·  Symbol W is from Wolfram, originally from Middle High German wolf-rahm 'wolf's foam' describing the mineral wolframite[4]
6 6 blok d 183,84 1925 3695 5828 0132 236 13 prvobitno trdnina
75 Re Renij Latin Rhenus, 'the Rhine' 7 6 blok d 186,21 2102 3459 5869 0137 19 7×10−4 prvobitno trdnina
76 Os Osmij Greek osmḗ, 'smell' 8 6 blok d 190,23 2261 3306 5285 013 22 0002 prvobitno trdnina
77 Ir Iridij Iris, the Greek goddess of the rainbow 9 6 blok d 192,22 2256 2719 4701 0131 220 0001 prvobitno trdnina
78 Pt Platina Spanish platina, 'little silver', from plata 'silver' 10 6 blok d 195,08 2146 20414 4098 0133 228 0005 prvobitno trdnina
79 Au Zlato English word
 ·  Symbol Au is derived from Latin aurum
11 6 blok d 196,97 19282 133733 3129 0129 254 0004 prvobitno trdnina
80 Hg Živo srebro Mercury, Roman god of commerce, communication, and luck, known for his speed and mobility
 ·  Symbol Hg is derived from its Latin name hydrargyrum, from Greek hydrárgyros, 'water-silver'
12 6 blok d 200,59 135336 23443 62988 014 200 0085 prvobitno kapljevina
81 Tl Talij Greek thallós, 'green shoot or twig' 13 6 blok p 204,38 1185 577 1746 0129 162 085 prvobitno trdnina
82 Pb Svinec English word
 ·  Symbol Pb is derived from Latin plumbum
14 6 blok p 207,2 11342 60061 2022 0129 187 (2+)
2.33 (4+)
14 prvobitno trdnina
83 Bi Bizmut German Wismut, from weiß Masse 'white mass', unless from Arabic 15 6 blok p 208,98 9807 5447 1837 0122 202 0009 prvobitno trdnina
84 Po Polonij Latin Polonia, 'Poland', home country of Marie Curie 16 6 blok p [209][a] 932 527 1235 20 2×10−10 iz razpada trdnina
85 At Astat Greek ástatos, 'unstable' 17 6 blok p [210] 7 575 610 22 3×10−20 iz razpada trdnina
86 Rn Radon Radium emanation, originally the name of the isotope Radon-222 18 6 blok p [222] 000973 202 2113 0094 22 4×10−13 iz razpada plin
87 Fr Francij France, home country of discoverer Marguerite Perey 1 7 blok s [223] 187 281 890 >079[5] ~ 1×10−18 iz razpada trdnina
88 Ra Radij French radium, from Latin radius, 'ray' 2 7 blok s [226] 55 973 2010 0094 09 9×10−7 iz razpada trdnina
89 Ac Aktinij Greek aktís, 'ray' n/a 7 blok f [227] 1007 1323 3471 012 11 55×10−10 iz razpada trdnina
90 Th Torij Thor, the Scandinavian god of thunder n/a 7 blok f 232,04 1172 2115 5061 0113 13 96 prvobitno trdnina
91 Pa Protaktinij Proto- (from Greek prôtos, 'first, before') + actinium, since actinium is produced through the radioactive decay of protactinium n/a 7 blok f 231,04 1537 1841 4300 15 14×10−6 iz razpada trdnina
92 U Uran Uranus, the seventh planet in the Solar System n/a 7 blok f 238,03 1895 14053 4404 0116 138 27 prvobitno trdnina
93 Np Neptunij Neptune, the eighth planet in the Solar System n/a 7 blok f [237] 2045 917 4273 136 ≤ 3×10−12 iz razpada trdnina
94 Pu Plutonij Pluto, a dwarf planet, considered a planet in the Solar System at the time n/a 7 blok f [244] 1984 9125 3501 128 ≤ 3×10−11 iz razpada trdnina
95 Am Americij The Americas, where the element was first synthesised, by analogy with its homologue § europium n/a 7 blok f [243] 1369 1449 2880 113 umetno trdnina
96 Cm Kirij Pierre Curie and Marie Curie, French physicists and chemists n/a 7 blok f [247] 1351 1613 3383 128 umetno trdnina
97 Bk Berkelij Berkeley, California, where the element was first synthesised n/a 7 blok f [247] 1479 1259 2900 13 umetno trdnina
98 Cf Kalifornij California, where the element was first synthesised in the LBNL laboratory n/a 7 blok f [251] 151 1173 (1743)[b] 13 umetno trdnina
99 Es Ajnštajnij Albert Einstein, German physicist n/a 7 blok f [252] 884 1133 (1269) 13 umetno trdnina
100 Fm Fermij Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist n/a 7 blok f [257] (97)[b] (1125)[6]
(1800)[7]
13 umetno neznana faza
101 Md Mendelevij Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist who proposed the periodic table n/a 7 blok f [258] (103) (1100) 13 umetno neznana faza
102 No Nobelij Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and engineer n/a 7 blok f [259] (99) (1100) 13 umetno neznana faza
103 Lr Lavrencij Ernest Lawrence, American physicist 3 7 blok d [266] (156) (1900) 13 umetno neznana faza
104 Rf Raderfordij Ernest Rutherford, chemist and physicist from New Zealand 4 7 blok d [267] (232) (2400) (5800) umetno neznana faza
105 Db Dubnij Dubna, Russia, where the element was discovered in the JINR laboratory 5 7 blok d [268] (293) umetno neznana faza
106 Sg Siborgij Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist 6 7 blok d [269] (350) umetno neznana faza
107 Bh Borij Niels Bohr, Danish physicist 7 7 blok d [270] (371) umetno neznana faza
108 Hs Hasij New Latin Hassia, 'Hesse', a state in Germany 8 7 blok d [269] (407) umetno neznana faza
109 Mt Majtnerij Lise Meitner, Austrian physicist 9 7 blok d [278] (374) umetno neznana faza
110 Ds Darmštatij Darmstadt, Germany, where the element was first synthesised in the GSI laboratories 10 7 blok d [281] (348) umetno neznana faza
111 Rg Rentgenij Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, German physicist 11 7 blok d [282] (287) umetno neznana faza
112 Cn Kopernicij Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer 12 7 blok d [285] (140) (283) (340)[b] umetno neznana faza
113 Nh Nihonij Japanese Nihon, 'Japan', where the element was first synthesised in the Riken laboratories 13 7 blok p [286] (16) (700) (1400) umetno neznana faza
114 Fl Flerovij Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, part of JINR, where the element was synthesised; itself named after Georgy Flyorov, Russian physicist 14 7 blok p [289] (9928) (200)[b] (380) umetno neznana faza
115 Mc Moskovij Moscow, Russia, where the element was first synthesised in the JINR laboratories 15 7 blok p [290] (135) (700) (1400) umetno neznana faza
116 Lv Livermorij Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California 16 7 blok p [293] (129) (700) (1100) umetno neznana faza
117 Ts Tenes Tennessee, United States, where Oak Ridge National Laboratory is located 17 7 blok p [294] (72) (700) (883) umetno neznana faza
118 Og Oganeson Yuri Oganessian, Russian physicist 18 7 blok p [294] (7) (325) (450) umetno neznana faza
  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 Standard atomic weight
    • '1008', regular notation: conventional, abridged value (Table 2, Table 3)
    • '[97]', [ ] notation: massnumber of most stable isotope
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 Values in ( ) brackets are predictions
  3. Density (sources)
  4. Melting point in kelvin (K) (sources)
  5. Boiling point in kelvin (K) (sources)
  6. Heat capacity (sources)
  7. Electronegativity by Pauling (source)
  8. Abundance of elements in Earth's crust
  9. Primordial (=Earth's origin), from decay, or synthetic
  10. Phase at Standard state (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa)
  11. Helium melting point: helium does not solidify at a pressure of 1 bar (0,99 atm). Helium can only solidify at pressures above 25 atmosphere, which corresponds to a melting point of absolute zero (0 K).
  12. Arsenic: element sublimes at one atmosphere of pressure.
Dokumentacija za predlogo[poglej] [uredi] [zgodovina] [osveži]

Uporabljeno v člankuSeznam kemijskih elementov § Seznam.

Properties and parameters

  • Element
atomic number (Z)
Symbol |symbol=
name (wikilink)
  • Etymology |etymology=
|etymology-symbol=; used when symbol is not obvious (like "Hg")
  • Group
  • Period
  • Block
  • Standard atomic weight
  • Density |density=
  • Melting point in kelvin |mpK=
  • Boiling point in kelvin |bpK=
  • Specific heat capacity |heatcapacity=
  • Electro­negativity |elnegativity=
  • Abundance in Earth's crust |abundance=
  • Occurrence
  • Phase

Columns (properties) that have no parameter are read from the § element data lists

A parameter (property) can have a footnote added like |density-fn={{efn-la|name=prediction}}

When the value has (&nbsp)-bracket-notation, use input like {{val|1.23|p=(|s=)}}

Footnotes

| {{efn-la|name=saw}}
| {{efn-la|name=prediction}}
| {{efn-la|name=density}}
| {{efn-la|name=mp}}
| {{efn-la|name=bp}}
| {{efn-la|name=heatcapacity}}
| {{efn-la|name=abundance}}
| {{efn-la|name=origin}}
| {{efn-la|name=phase}}

| {{efn-la|name=helium}}
| {{efn-la|name=arsenic}}

Technical background

{{efn-la}}

See also

  1. »Periodic Table – Royal Society of Chemistry«. www.rsc.org (v angleščini).
  2. »Online Etymology Dictionary«. etymonline.com (v angleščini).
  3. »beryl«. Merriam-Webster. Arhivirano iz spletišča dne 9. oktobra 2013. Pridobljeno 27. januarja 2014.
  4. van der Krogt, Peter. »Wolframium Wolfram Tungsten«. Elementymology & Elements Multidict. Arhivirano iz prvotnega spletišča dne 23. januarja 2010. Pridobljeno 11. marca 2010.
  5. Originally assessed as 0.7 by Pauling but never revised after other elements' electronegativities were updated for precision. Predicted to be higher than that of caesium.
  6. Konings, Rudy J.M.; Beneš, Ondrej. »The Thermodynamic Properties of the 𝑓-Elements and Their Compounds. I. The Lanthanide and Actinide Metals«. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. doi:10.1063/1.3474238.
  7. »Fermium«. RSC.