Velika Indija
Velika Indija ali indijska kulturna sfera je območje, ki ga sestavljajo številne države in regije v južni in jugovzhodni Aziji, na katere je zgodovinsko vplivala indijska kultura, ki je sama nastala iz različnih različnih avtohtonih kultur teh regij. Zlasti vpliv jugovzhodne Azije na zgodnjo Indijo je trajno vplival na oblikovanje hinduizma in indijske mitologije. Sam hinduizem se je oblikoval iz različnih različnih ljudskih religij, ki so se združile v vedskem obdobju in naslednjih obdobjih.[5] Izraz Velika Indija kot sklicevanje na indijsko kulturno sfero je v dvajsetih letih dvajsetega stoletja popularizirala mreža bengalskih učenjakov. To je krovni izraz, ki zajema indijsko podcelino in okoliške države, ki so kulturno povezane prek raznolike kulturne linije. Te države so bile v različnih stopnjah spremenjene s sprejemanjem in vnašanjem kulturnih in institucionalnih elementov druga od druge. Od okoli leta 500 pred našim štetjem je vse večja kopenska in pomorska trgovina v Aziji povzročila dolgotrajno družbeno-ekonomsko in kulturno spodbujanje ter širjenje hindujskih in budističnih verovanj v kozmologijo regije, zlasti v jugovzhodni Aziji in na Šrilanki.[6] V Srednji Aziji je bil prenos idej pretežno verske narave. Širjenje islama je bistveno spremenilo potek zgodovine Velike Indije.[7]
Do zgodnjih stoletij našega štetja je večina kneževin jugovzhodne Azije učinkovito absorbirala odločilne vidike hindujske kulture, vere in uprave. Pojem božanskega kraljestva je bil uveden s konceptom Harihare, sanskrt in drugi indijski epigrafski sistemi so bili razglašeni za uradne, kot so sistemi južnoindijske dinastije Pallava in dinastije Chalukya.[8] Za ta indijanizirana kraljestva, izraz, ki ga je skoval George Cœdès v svojem delu Histoire ancienne des états hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient,[9] so bila značilna presenetljiva odpornost, politična integriteta in upravna stabilnost.[10]
Na severu so bile indijske verske ideje asimilirane v kozmologijo himalajskih ljudstev, najgloblje v Tibetu in Butanu, ter se zlile z domorodnimi tradicijami. Budistično meništvo se je razširilo v Afganistan, Uzbekistan in druge dele Srednje Azije, budistična besedila in ideje pa so zlahka sprejeli na Kitajskem in Japonskem na vzhodu.[11] Na zahodu se je indijska kultura zbližala z Veliko Perzijo prek Hindukuša in gorovja Pamir.[12]
Sklici uredi
- ↑ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (1979). Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India (v angleščini). Zv. I (1. izd.). Sterling Publishers. str. 31. OCLC 557595150.
Modern Afghanistan was part of ancient India; the Afghans belonged to the pale of Indo-Aryan civilisation. In the eighty century, the country was known by two regional names—Kabul land Zabul. The northern part, called Kabul (or Kabulistan) was governed by a Buddhist dynasty. Its capital and the river on the banks of which it was situated, also bore the same name. Lalliya, a Brahmin minister of the last Buddhist ruler Lagaturman, deposed his master and laid the foundation of the Hindushahi dynasty in c. 865.
- ↑ Chandra, Satish (2006). Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals (v angleščini). Har-Anand Publications. str. 41. ISBN 9788124110669.
Although Afghanistan was considered an integral part of India in antiquity, and was often called "Little India" even in medieval times, politically it had not been a part of India after the downfall of the Kushan empire, followed by the defeat of the Hindu Shahis by Mahmud Ghazni.
- ↑ »Astrakhan's India Connection«. 16. marec 2020.
- ↑ »Fascinating Accounts of Indians in Russia Dating Back to the 17th Century«.
- ↑ Lévi, Sylvain; Przyluski, Jean; Bloch, Jules (1993). Pre-Aryan and Pre-Dravidian in India (v angleščini). Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0772-9.
- ↑ Kenneth R. Hal (1985). Maritime Trade and State Development in Early Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press. str. 63. ISBN 978-0-8248-0843-3.
- ↑ Fussman, Gérard (2008–2009). »History of India and Greater India«. La Lettre du Collège de France (4): 24–25. doi:10.4000/lettre-cdf.756. Pridobljeno 20. decembra 2016.
- ↑ Lavy, Paul (2003), »As in Heaven, So on Earth: The Politics of Visnu Siva and Harihara Images in Preangkorian Khmer Civilisation«, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 34 (1): 21–39, doi:10.1017/S002246340300002X, S2CID 154819912, pridobljeno 23. decembra 2015
- ↑ Coedès (1968), str. 14–.
- ↑ Manguin, Pierre-Yves (2002), »From Funan to Sriwijaya: Cultural continuities and discontinuities in the Early Historical maritime states of Southeast Asia«, 25 tahun kerjasama Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi dan Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi / EFEO, str. 59–82
- ↑ »Buddhism in China: A Historical Overview« (PDF). The Saylor Foundation 1. Pridobljeno 12. februarja 2017.
- ↑ Zhu, Qingzhi (Marec 1995). »Some Linguistic Evidence for Early Cultural Exchange between China and India« (PDF). Sino-Platonic Papers. University of Pennsylvania. 66.
everyone knows well the so-called "Buddhist conquest of China" or "Indianized China"
Reference uredi
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- Narasimhaiah, C. D. (1986), »The cross-cultural dimensions of English in religion, politics and literature«, World Englishes, 5 (2–3): 221–230, doi:10.1111/j.1467-971X.1986.tb00728.x
- Thapar, Romila (1968), »Interpretations of Ancient Indian History«, History and Theory, Wesleyan University, 7 (3): 318–335, doi:10.2307/2504471, JSTOR 2504471
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{{citation}}: Vzdrževanje CS1: samodejni prevod datuma (povezava)
Zunanje povezave uredi
- Rethinking Tibeto-Burman – Lessons from Indosphere
- THEORIES OF INDIANISATION Exemplified by Selected Case Studies from Indonesia (Insular Southeast Asia), by Dr. Helmut Lukas