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Alişar Hüyük

Alişar Hüyük je bilo starodavno naselje v osrednji Anatoliji v bližini sedanje vasi Alişar v turški provinci Yozgat.

Glinasta posoda iz Ališarja s štiriperesnim ustjem; srednja bronasta doba III. (1750-1650 pr. n. št.); Muzej orientalskega instituta Univerze Čikaga
Alişar Hüyük se nahaja v Turčija
Alişar Hüyük
Alişar Hüyük
Alişar Hüyük na zemljevidu Turčije

Zgodovina

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Alişar Hüyük je bil naseljen od začetka bakrene dobe, celo bronasto dobo in hetitsko obdobje in vse do frigijskih časov. V njem je bilo najdenih več glinenih tablic iz hetitske dobe, pisanih v kapadoški različici staroasirskega klinopisa.[1] Omemba mesta Amkuva na tablicah je sprožila domneve, da je najdišče istovetno z Ankuvo, omenjeno v drugih hetitskih besedilih.

Arheologija

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Najdišče je od leta 1927 do 1932 raziskovala skupina strokovnjakov z Orientalskega instituta Univerze Čikaga pod vodstvom Ericha Schmidta.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Izkopavanja so se nadaljevala leta 1992 kot del regionalnega Projekta Alisar. Vodil jih je Ronald Gorny. Večina izkopavanj je bila kljub temu opravljena v bližnjem Çadır Höyüku.[9] [10]

Çadır Höyük

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Približno dvanajst kilometrov severozahodno od Alişar Hüyüka je pomembno arheološko najdišče Çadır Höyük. Arheologi so po nedavnih izkopavanjih najdišče poskusno poistovetili s hetitskim mestom Zipalanda.[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]

Radiokarbonske analize so najstarejše naselje umestile v zgodnjo bakreno dobo (5300-4500 pr. n. št.). Mesto je bilo verjetno naseljeno že prej, morda že v mlajši kameni dobi okoli 5500 pr. n. št. Zdi se, da je Çadır Höyük cvetel v srednji in pozni bronasti dobi (2000-1100 pr. n. št.) in naprej v železni dobi.

Sklici

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  1. ↑ I.J. Gelb. Inscriptions from Alishar and Vicinity. Oriental Institute Publications, 27. The University of Chicago Press, 1935.
  2. ↑ [1] Arhivirano 2012-10-09 na Wayback Machine. Hans Henning von der Osten and Erich F. Schmidt, Researches in Anatolia 2. The Alishar Hüyük Season of 1927, Part 1, Oriental Institute Publications 6, The University of Chicago Press, 1930
  3. ↑ [2] Arhivirano 2012-10-09 na Wayback Machine. Hans Henning von der Osten and Erich F. Schmidt, Researches in Anatolia 3. The Alishar Hüyük Season of 1927, Part 2, Oriental Institute Publications 7, The University of Chicago Press, 1932
  4. ↑ [3] Arhivirano 2012-10-09 na Wayback Machine. Erich F. Schmidt, Researches in Anatolia 4. The Alishar Hüyük Season of 1928, Part 1, Oriental Institute Publications 19, The University of Chicago Press, 1932
  5. ↑ [4] Arhivirano 2012-10-09 na Wayback Machine. Erich F. Schmidt, Researches in Anatolia 5. The Alishar Hüyük Season of 1928 and 1929, Part 2, Oriental Institute Publications 20, The University of Chicago Press, 1933
  6. ↑ [5] Arhivirano 2012-10-09 na Wayback Machine. Hans Henning von der Osten, Researches in Anatolia 7. The Alishar Hüyük Seasons of 1930-1932, Part 1, Oriental Institute Publications 28, The University of Chicago Press, 1937
  7. ↑ [6] Arhivirano 2012-10-09 na Wayback Machine. Hans Henning von der Osten, Researches in Anatolia 8. The Alishar Hüyük Seasons of 1930-1932, Part 2, Oriental Institute Publications 29, The University of Chicago Press, 1937
  8. ↑ [7] Arhivirano 2012-10-09 na Wayback Machine. Hans Henning von der Osten. Researches in Anatolia 9. The Alishar Hüyük Seasons of 1930-1932, Part 3, Oriental Institute Publications 30, The University of Chicago Press, 1937
  9. ↑ Ronald L.Gorny, The 1993 Season at Alishar Höyük in Central Turkey, Anatolica, vol. 20, pp. 191-202, 1994
  10. ↑ Ronald L. Gorny et al., The 1999 Alishar Regional Project Season, Anatolica, vol. 26, str. 153-171, 2000
  11. ↑ [8] Ronald L. Gorny, ALISAR REGIONAL PROJECT, Oriental Institute 2005-2006 Annual Report, pp 13-22, 2006
  12. ↑ [9] Ronald L. Gorny, CADIR HOYUK, Oriental Institute 2006-2007 Annual Report, pp 15-33, 2007
  13. ↑ [10] Ronald L. Gorny, CADIR HOYUK, Oriental Institute 2008-2009 Annual Report, pp 18-35, 2009
  14. ↑ [11] Gregory McMahon, Çadir Höyük, Oriental Institute 2011-2012 Annual Report, pp 15-19, 2012
  15. ↑ [12] Gregory McMahon, Çadir Höyük, Oriental Institute 2013-2014 Annual Report, pp 22-26, 2014
  16. ↑ [13] Gregory McMahon, Çadir Höyük, Oriental Institute 2014-2015 Annual Report, pp 21-27, 2015
  17. ↑ [14] Gregory McMahon, Çadir Höyük, Oriental Institute 2015-2016 Annual Report, pp 13-17, 2016
  18. ↑ Site History Arhivirano 2018-05-23 na Wayback Machine. Çadır Höyük Archaeological Project - www.cadirhoyuk.com

Viri

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  • Ronald L. Gorny. "The Biconvex Seals of Alishar Höyük". Anatolian Studies, 43 (1993): 163–191.
  • Erich Schmidt. Anatolia Through the Ages: Discoveries at the Alishar Mound, 1927–1929. Oriental Institute Communication 11, University of Chicago Press, 1931.
  • Ronald L. Gorny. Hittite Imperialism and Anti-Imperial Resistance As Viewed from Alișar Höyük. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 299/300, The Archaeology of Empire in Ancient Anatolia, 1995. str. 65–89.
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