To sliko je mogoče poustvariti z uporabo vektorske grafike kot SVG-datoteko. To ima več prednosti; več informacij je na razpolago na strani Commons:Media for cleanup. Če je SVG-oblika te datoteke že na razpolago, jo, prosimo, naložite. Potem, ko boste SVG naložili, to predlogo zamenjajte z izrazom {{vector version available|ime nove slike.svg}}.

Ta meteorology slika je bila naložena v formatu JPEG, čeprav sestoji iz nefotografskih podatkov. Te informacije bi bile bolj učinkovito ali natančno shranjene v formatu PNG ali SVG. Če je mogoče, naložite različico PNG ali SVG te slike brez artefaktov stiskanja, izpeljanih iz ne-JPEG vira (ali z odstranjenimi obstoječimi artefakti). Ko boste to storili, označite JPEG različico z {{Superseded|NewImage.ext}} in to oznako odstranite.. Ta oznaka naj se ne uporablja za fotografije ali preslikave. Za več informacij glejte {{BadJPEG}}.

Povzetek

This is a global map of the annually averaged near-surface air temperature from 1961 to 1990. Such maps, also known as "climatologies", provide information on climate variation as a function of location.

The tropics, between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, have the most direct sunlight and highest temperatures. While the seasonal contrasts in surface temperature are due to the tilt of the Earth axis, there is relatively little variation in the annual average sunlight received throughout this entire tropics, and hence the entire band has similar temperatures. Above the tropics, temperatures fall off more rapidly as one travels towards the Earth's poles, at a rate of approximately 1 °C for every 145 km (1 °F per 50 miles). Permafrost will form at positions where the annual average temperature is below 0 °C.

The other key factor in determining surface temperature is elevation. Surface temperature declines ~1 °C for every 220 m (1 °F per 400 ft) in elevation above sea level. The coldest portions of Earth are the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets, which combine both very high latitude and high elevation.

Data sources

This map was produced by combining the 10' CRU CL 2.0 archive copy at the Wayback Machine land-surface temperature data set (New et al. 2002) with the 1° NOAA OISST version 2 archive copy at the Wayback Machine sea-surface temperature data set (Reynolds et al. 2002) and the 2.5° NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis version 1 archive copy at the Wayback Machine data set (Kalnay et al. 1996). OISST was used for low- and mid-latitude ocean temperatures, but NCEP/NCAR was substituted in sea ice-forming regions, where OISST would overestimate the near-surface air temperature. In addition, a small offset was added in all regions to the OISST sea-surface temperatures to match the NCEP/NCAR air temperatures, and thus account for the difference between ocean and air. NCEP/NCAR was used for Antarctica, since it was the only data set including this region.

Copyright

This image was created by Robert A. Rohde for Global Warming Art.

Image from Global Warming Art

This image is an original work created for Global Warming Art. Please refer to the image description page for more information.

Ta dokument je dovoljeno kopirati, razširjati in/ali spreminjati pod pogoji Licence GNU za prosto dokumentacijo, različica 1.2 ali katera koli poznejša, ki jo je objavila ustanova Free Software Foundation; brez nespremenljivih delov ter brez besedil na sprednji ali zadnji platnici. Kopija licence je vključena v razdelek Licenca GNU za prosto dokumentacijo.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue

	Datoteka je objavljena pod licenco Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Deljenje pod enakimi pogoji 3.0 Nedoločena.
	Dovoljeno vam je: deljenje – reproducirati, distribuirati in javno priobčevati delo predelava – predelati delo Pod naslednjimi pogoji: priznanje avtorstva – Navesti morate ustrezno avtorstvo, povezavo do licence in morebitne spremembe. To lahko storite na kakršen koli primeren način, vendar ne na način, ki bi nakazoval, da dajalec licence podpira vas ali vašo uporabo dela. deljenje pod enakimi pogoji – Če boste to vsebino predelali, preoblikovali ali uporabili kot izhodišče za drugo delo, morate svoj prispevek distribuirati pod enako ali združljivo licenco, kot jo ima izvirnik.
	Ta oznaka dovoljenja je bila datoteki dodana kot del posodobitve licence GFDL.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC BY-SA 3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue

Une deuxième raison pour laquelle la température de surface dépend de la latitude est la variation de l’épaisseur d'atmosphère traversée par les rayons lumineux. Lorsque les rayons sont perpendiculaires à la surface, l'épaisseur d'atmosphère traversée est la plus faible ; la lumière est moins absorbée et moins diffusée par l’atmosphère et la surface reçoit d'avantage d'énergie solaire. A l’équateur la surface du globe est, côté soleil, perpendiculaire au rayonnement solaire tandis que près des pôles la surface est presque parallèle. L’énergie solaire reçue par unité de surface est donc plus importante près de l’équateur que près des pôles.

References

• New, Mark, David Lister, Mike Hulme, Ian Makin (2000). "A high-resolution data set of surface climate over global land areas". Climate Research 21: 1-25. Archived from the original on 2009-02-12. Retrieved on 2008-02-15.
• Reynolds, R.W., N.A. Rayner, T.M. Smith, D.C. Stokes, and W. Wang (2002). "An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate". J. Climate 15: 1609-1625.
• E. Kalnay, M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, W. Collins, D. Deaven, L. Gandin, M. Iredell, S. Saha, G. White, J. Woollen, Y. Zhu, M. Chelliah, W. Ebisuzaki, W.Higgins, J. Janowiak, K. C. Mo, C. Ropelewski, J. Wang, A. Leetmaa, R. Reynolds, Roy Jenne, Dennis Joseph (1996). "The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 77 (3): 437–471.

derivative works

Izpeljana dela te datoteke:  Annual Average Temperature Map East Asia.png