Ilindenska-preobrazbena vstaja: Razlika med redakcijama
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Vrstica 1:
'''Ilindenska-Preobrazba vstaja''' ali preprosto '''Ilindenska vstaja''' avgusta - oktobra 1903 ({{Jezik-bg|Илинденско-Преображенско въстание}} , ''Ilindensko-Preobražensko vǎstanie'' ; {{Jezik-mk|Илинденско востание}} , ''Ilindensko vostanie'' ; {{Jezik-el|Εξέγερση του Ίλιντεν}} , ''Eksegersi tou Ilinden'') je bila oborožena vstaja [[Makedonija (regija)|makedonskih]] [[Bolgari|Bolgarov]] proti [[Osmansko cesarstvo|Osmanskemu cesarstvu]] leta [[1903]]. Vodila jo je [[VMRO]].
Upor v regiji [[Makedonija (regija)|Makedonija je]] prizadel večino osrednjega in jugozahodnega dela [[Monastirski vilajet|vilajeta Monastir,]] ki je prejel podporo predvsem lokalnih [[Makedonski Bolgari|bolgarskih]] kmetov<ref>"''However, contrary to the impression of researchers who believe that the Internal organization espoused a "Macedonian national consciousness," the local revolutionaries declared their conviction that the "majority" of the Christian population of Macedonia is "Bulgarian." They clearly rejected possible allegations of what they call "national separatism" vis-a-vis the Bulgarians, and even consider it "immoral." Though they declared an equal attitude towards all the "Macedonian populations.''" Tschavdar Marinov, We the Macedonians, The Paths of Macedonian Supra-Nationalism (1878–1912), in "We, the People: Politics of National Peculiarity in Southeastern Europe" with Mishkova Diana as ed., Central European University Press, 2009, {{ISBN|9639776289}}, pp. 107-137.</ref> <ref>The political and military leaders of the Slavs of Macedonia at the turn of the century seem not to have heard the call for a separate Macedonian national identity; they continued to identify themselves in a national sense as Bulgarians rather than Macedonians.[...] (They) never seem to have doubted "the predominantly Bulgarian character of the population of Macedonia". "The Macedonian conflict: ethnic nationalism in a transnational world", Princeton University Press, Danforth, Loring M. 1997, {{ISBN|0691043566}}, p. 64.</ref> <ref>''"The last of the significant leaders of the Uprising - Dame Gruev, died one 23 December 1906 in a fight with Turkish soldiers. The Turkish Press described him as the biggest leader of the Bulgarian Revolutionary Committee. French, Austrian, Russian, American and British consuls and ambassadors reported to their governments the preparation and the crushing of the Ilinden Uprising and described it as a Bulgarian event. The Turks themselves described the uprising as a Bulgarian conspiracy."'' Chris Kostov, Contested Ethnic Identity: The Case of Macedonian Immigrants in Toronto, 1900-1996, Volume 7 of Nationalisms across the globe, Peter Lang, 2010, {{ISBN|3034301960}}, pp. 87-88.</ref> <ref>''The modern Macedonian historiographic equation of IMRO demands for autonomy with a separate and distinct national identity does not necessarily jibe with the historical record. A rather obvious problem is the very title of the organization, which included Thrace in addition to Macedonia. Thrace whose population was never claimed by modern Macedonian nationalism...There is, moreover, the not less complicated issue of what autonomy meant to the people who espoused it in their writings. According to [[Hristo Tatarčev|Hristo Tatarchev]], their demand for autonomy was motivated not by an attachment to Macedonian national identity but out of concern that an explicit agenda of unification with Bulgaria would provoke other small Balkan nations and the Great Powers to action. Macedonian autonomy, in other words, can be seen as a tactical diversion, or as "Plan B" of Bulgarian unification.'' İpek Yosmaoğlu, Blood Ties: Religion, Violence and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908, Cornell University Press, 2013, {{ISBN|0801469791}}, pp. 15-16.</ref> <ref>''The "Adrianopolitan" part of the organization's name indicates that its agenda concerned not only Macedonia but also Thrace — a region whose Bulgarian population is by no means claimed by Macedonian nationalists today. In fact, as the organization's initial name ("Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees") shows, it had a Bulgarian national character: the revolutionary leaders were quite often teachers from the Bulgarian schools in Macedonia. This was the case of founders of the organization... Their organization was popularly seen in the local context as "the Bulgarian committee(s)''. Tchavdar Marinov, Famous Macedonia, the Land of Alexander: Macedonian identity at the crossroads of Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian nationalism in Entangled Histories of the Balkans - Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies with Roumen Daskalov and Tchavdar Marinov as ed., BRILL, 2013, {{ISBN|900425076X}}, pp. 273-330.</ref> in do neke mere [[Aromuni|Aromansko]] prebivalstvo v regiji.<ref>''Autonomy for Macedonia and the vilayet of Adrianople (southern Thrace) became the key demand for a generation of Slavic activists. In October 1893, a group of them founded the Bulgarian Macedono-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Committee in Salonica...It engaged in creating a network of secretive committees and armed guerrillas in the two regions as well as in Bulgaria, where an ever-growing and politically influential Macedonian and Thracian diaspora resided. Heavily influenced by the ideas of early socialism and anarchism, the IMARO activists saw the future autonomous Macedonia as a multinational polity, and did not pursue the self-determination of Macedonian Slavs as a separate ethnicity. Therefore, Macedonian (and also Adrianopolitan) was an umbrella term covering Bulgarians, Turks, Greeks, Vlachs, Albanians, Serbs, Jews, and so on. While this message was taken aboard by many Vlachs as well as some Patriarchist Slavs, it failed to impress other groups for whom the IMARO remained ''the Bulgarian Committee.'''' Historical Dictionary of Republic of Macedonia, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009, {{ISBN|0810862956}}, Introduction.'''</ref> Začasna vlada je bila ustanovljena v mestu [[Kruševo]], kjer so uporniki 12. avgusta razglasili ''[[Republika Kruševo|Kruševsko republiko]]'', ki je bila preplavljena že po desetih dneh.<ref name="Khadziev1992">{{Citat|last=Khadziev|first=Georgi|title=Down with the Sultan, Long live the Balkan Federation!|url=http://www.savanne.ch/tusovka/en/will-firth/bulgaria.html|year=1992|access-date=3 September 2007}} An excerpt from the book ''"National Liberation and Libertarian Federalism"'' (Natsionalnoto osvobozhdeniye i bezvlastniyat federalizum), translated by Will Firth.</ref> 19. avgusta je tesno povezana vstaja, ki so jo organizirali [[Bolgari|bolgarski]] kmetje v [[Adrianople Vilayet|vilajetu Adrianople]]<ref>''The Adrianople region became one of the Bulgarians' most coveted irredentas, second only to Macedonia. By the end of the 19th century, the total population in the Adrianople region amounted to almost one million people, nearly one-third of whom were Bulgarians...A Bulgarian national liberation movement began to develop immediately after 1878, in close cooperation with the national liberation movement in Macedonia, and acquired an organized character after the creation of the Internal Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Organization (IMARO) in 1893. It relied mainly on the refugees from the Adrianople region who were living in Bulgaria, but there was also an "internal" organization. Its actions culminated in the Preobrazhenie (Transfiguration) Uprising, which broke out two weeks after the Ilinden Uprising, on 6/19 August 1903.'' Raymond Detrez, Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, No. 46, Scarecrow Press, 2006, {{ISBN|0810849011}}, p. 3.</ref> privedla do osvoboditve velikega območja v [[Strandzha Mountains|gorah Strandzha]] in ustanovitve začasne vlade v mestu [[Tsarevo|Vassiliko]] v državi ''[[Republika Strandzha|Strandzha]]''. To je trajalo približno dvajset dni, preden so ga Turki zatrli. <ref name="Khadziev1992" /> Vstaja je zajela tudi kosovski in Salonski vilajet.<ref>Nadine Lange-Akhund, The Macedonian Question, 1893-1908, from Western Sources, East European Monographs, 1998; {{ISBN|0880333839}}, p. 125.</ref>
==Zunanje povezave==
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