Natrijev karbonat: Razlika med redakcijama

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{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464362057
| Name = Natrijev karbonat
| ImageFileL1 = Sodium carbonate.svg
| ImageSizeL1 = 80px
| ImageNameL1 = Skeletna formula natrijevega karbonata
| ImageFileR1 = Sodium-carbonate-xtal-3D-SF-C.png
| ImageSizeR1 = 120px
| ImageNameR1 = Model molekule natrijevega karbonata
| ImageFile2 = Uhličitan sodný.JPG
| ImageSize2 = 250px
| ImageName2 = Vzorec natrijevega karbonata
| IUPACName = natrijev karbonat
| OtherNames = soda, pralna soda, kristalna soda
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 497-19-8
| CASNo_Comment = (brezvoden)
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}
| CASNo1 = 5968-11-6
| CASNo1_Comment = (monohidrat)
| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite}}
| CASNo2 = 6132-02-1
| CASNo2_Comment = (dekahidrat)
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite}}
| ChEMBL = 186314
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| PubChem = 10340
| PubChem_Ref = {{pubchemcite}}
| ChemSpiderID = 9916
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| RTECS = VZ4050000
| EC-number = 207-838-8
| UNII = 45P3261C7T
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| InChI = 1/NaHCO3.2Na/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2
| InChIKey = CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-NUQVWONBAP
| ChEBI = 29377
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| SMILES = [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O
| SMILES_Ref = {{smilescite}}
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/CH2O3.2Na/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 105,9888 g/mol
| Appearance = higroskopna bela trdnina
| Odor = brez vonja
| Density = 2,54 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (25 °C, brezvoden)<br> 1,92 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (856 °C)<br> 2,25 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (monohidrat)<ref name=cod>J.P. Harper, E. Antipov, U. Bismayer, H. Huppertz, V. Petrícek, R. Pöttgen, W. Schmahl, E.R.T. Tiekink, X. Zou, uredniki (1936). ''Crystal Structure of Sodium Carbonate Monohydrate, Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>.H<sub>2</sub>O''. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials (De Gruyter) '''95''' (1): 266–273. doi: 10.1524/zkri.1936.95.1.266. ISSN 2196-7105. Pridobljeno 25. julija 2014.</ref> <br> 1,51 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (heptahidrat)<br> 1,46 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (dekahidrat)<ref name=crc>D.R. Lide, urednik (2009). ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics''. 90. izdaja). Boca Raton, Florida. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.</ref>
| Solubility = dekahidrat:<br> 7 g/100 mL (0 °C)<br> 16,4 g/100 mL (15 °C)<br> 34,07 g/100 mL (27,8 °C)<br> heptahidrat:<br> 48,69 g/100 mL (34,8 °C)<br> monohidrat:<br> 50,31 g/100 mL (29,9 °C)<br> 48,1 g/100 mL (41,9 °C)<br> 45,62 g/100 mL (60 °C)<br> 43,6 g/100 mL (100 °C)<ref name=sioc>A. Seidell, W.F. Linke (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds. 2. izdaja. New York: D. Van Nostrand Company. str. 633.</ref>
| SolubleOther = topen v vodnih raztopinah alkalij,<ref name=sioc/> in [[glicerol]]u,<br> rahlo topen v [[etanol]]u,<br> netopen v [[ogljikov disulfid|ogljikovem disulfidu]], [[aceton]]u, alkil acetatih, benzonitrilu in tekočem [[amonijak]]u<ref name=doc00>C.A. Messinger, D.A. Hahn (1921). ''A Dictionary of Chemical Solubilities: Inorganic''. 2. izdaja. New York: The MacMillan Company. str. 208–209.</ref>
| Solubility1 = 98,3 g/100 g (15,5 °C)<ref name=doc00 />
| Solvent1 = glicerol
| Solubility2 = 3,46 g/100 g (20 °C)<ref name=chemister>K.R. Anatolievich. [http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=66 ''Sodium carbonate'']. Pridobljeno 25. julija 2014.</ref>
| Solvent2 = etandiol
| Solubility3 = 0,5 g/kg<ref name=chemister/>
| Solvent3 = dimetilformamid
| MeltingPtC = 851
| Melting_notes = <br> razpada (brezvodni)<br> {{convert|100|C|F K}}<br> razpada (monohidrat)<br> {{convert|33.5|C|F K}}<br> razpada (heptahidrat)<br> {{convert|34|C|F K}}<br> (dekahidrat)<ref name=crc/><ref name=pphoic>P. Patnaik (2003). ''Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals''. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. str. 861. ISBN 0-07-049439-8.</ref>
| pKb = 3,67
| RefractIndex = 1,485 (brezvoden)<br> 1,420 (monohidrat)<ref name=pphoic/><br> 1,405 (dekahidrat)
| MagSus = −4,1x10<sup>−5</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol<ref name=crc/>
| Viscosity = 3,4 cP (887 °C)<ref name=chemister/>
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = [[Monoklinski kristalni sistem|monoklinska]] (γ-oblika, β-oblika, δ-oblika in brezvoden)<ref name=scr>M. Dusek, G. Chapuis, M. Meyer, V. Petricek (2003). ''Sodium carbonate revisited''. Acta Crystallographica Section B (International Union of Crystallography) '''59''' (3): 337–352. doi: 10.1107/S0108768103009017. ISSN 0108-7681. Pridobljeno 25. julija 2014.</ref><br>[[Ortorombski kristalni sistem|ortorombska]] (monohidrat, heptahidrat)<ref name=cod/><ref name=7h2o>C. Betzel, W. Saenger, D. Loewus (1982). ''Sodium Carbonate Heptahydrate''. Acta Crystallographica Section B (International Union of Crystallography) '''38''' (11): 2802–2804. doi: 10.1107/S0567740882009996.</ref>
| SpaceGroup = C2/m, No. 12 (γ-oblika, brezvoden, 170&nbsp;K)<br> C2/m, No. 12 (β-oblika, brezvoden, 628&nbsp;K)<br> P2<sub>1</sub>/n, No. 14 (δ-oblika, brezvoden, 110&nbsp;K)<ref name=scr/><br> Pca2<sub>1</sub>, No. 29 (monohidrat)<ref name=cod/><br> Pbca, No. 61 (heptahidrat)<ref name=7h2o/>
| PointGroup = 2/m (γ-oblika, β-oblika, δ-oblika, brezvoden)<ref name=scr/><br> mm2 (monohidrat)<ref name=cod/><br> 2/m 2/m 2/m (heptahidrat)<ref name=7h2o/>
| LattConst_a = 8,920(7)
| LattConst_b = 5,245(5)
| LattConst_c = 6,050(5) (γ-oblika, brezvoden, 295&nbsp;K)<ref name=scr/>
| LattConst_beta = 101,35(8)
| Coordination = oktaedrična (Na<sup>+</sup>, brezvoden)
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −1130,7 kJ/mol<ref name=crc/><ref name=chemister/>
| DeltaGf = −1044,4 kJ/mol<ref name=crc/>
| HeatCapacity = 112,3 J/mol·K<ref name=crc/>
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/msdsfiles/msdssodiumcarb.htm#Material MSDS]
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=451614|name=Sodium carbonate|accessdate=2014-05-06}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|319}}<ref name="sigma" />
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|305+351+338}}<ref name="sigma" />
| EUIndex = 011-005-00-2
| EUClass = {{Hazchem Xi}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA_Ref = <ref name=css>{{cite web|title = Material Safety Data Sheet – Sodium Carbonate, Anhydrous|url = http://www.conservationsupportsystems.com/system/assets/msds/sodium_carbonate_msds.pdf|website = http://www.conservationsupportsystems.com|publisher = ConservationSupportSystems|accessdate = 2014-07-25}}</ref>
| RPhrases = {{R36}}
| SPhrases = {{S2}}, {{S22}}, {{S26}}
| LD50 = 4090 mg/kg (podgana, oralno) <ref>http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/497-19-8</ref>
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[natrijev bikarbonat]]
| OtherCations = [[litijev karbonat]]<br> [[kalijev karbonat]]<br> [[rubidijev karbonat]]<br> [[cezijev karbonat]]
| OtherCpds = [[natrijev seskvikarbonat]]<br> [[natrijev perkarbonat]]
}}
}}
 
'''Natrijev karbonat''', bolj znan kot soda, pralna soda in kristalna soda, je [[natrij]]eva sol [[ogljikova kislina|ogljikove kisline]] s [[kemijska formula|kemijsko formulo]] Na<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>.