Pokol v Buči: Razlika med redakcijama
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Vrstica 1:
{{Infopolje Napad na civiliste|title=Pokol v Buči|partof=[[bitke za Bučo]]|image=The city of Bucha after liberation from the Russians 01.jpg|image_size=300px|image_upright=|caption=Usmrčeni civilisti v Buči, en ima zvezane roke|location=[[Buča]], [[Kijevska oblast]], [[Ukrajina]]|timezone=|target=Civilisti|type=[[Množični umor]], [[mučenje]], plenjenje in [[posilstvo|posilstva]]|date=Marec 2022|fatalities=* 458 (podatki ukrajinske vlade)<ref name="babel-ua"/>
* 73–178 (po podatkih Urada [[Združeni narodi|Združenih narodov]] za človekove pravice)<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/country-reports/situation-human-rights-ukraine-context-armed-attack-russian-federation |title=The situation of human rights in Ukraine in the context of the armed attack by the Russian Federation, 24 February to 15 May 2022 |date=29 June 2022 |publisher=[[OHCHR]] |access-date=9 August 2022 |at=para. 80 |archive-date=2 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702112851/https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/country-reports/situation-human-rights-ukraine-context-armed-attack-russian-federation |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="UN202212" />|perps={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Rusija]] (Rusija zanika)|motive=[[Ukrajinofobija]];<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ukraine and the Words that Lead to Mass Murder |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/06/ukraine-mass-murder-hate-speech-soviet/629629/ |access-date=17 July 2022 |work=[[The Atlantic]] |first=Anne |last=Appleba |author-link=Anne Applebaum |date=25 June 2022 |archive-date=16 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516112308/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/06/ukraine-mass-murder-hate-speech-soviet/629629/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br/>
genocid;{{efn|group=note|Rusiji je namen genocida obsodilo več entitet:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://newlinesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/English-Report.pdf |work=New Lines Institute for Strategy and Policy; Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights |title=Independent Legal Analysis of the Russian Federation's Breaches of the Genocide Convention in Ukraine and the Duty to Prevent |date=27 May 2022 |access-date=2022-07-22 |url-status=live |archive-date=16 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616080955/https://newlinesinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/English-Report.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |script-title=uk:'Знищують за те, що українці'. Правники та дипломати наголошують на геноциді в Бучі |trans-title="They are being destroyed because they are Ukrainians". Workers and diplomats emphasize the genocide in Bucha |date=4 April 2022 |first=Irina |last=Nazarchuk |url=https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/pravnyky-ta-dyplomaty-naholoshuyut-na-henotsydi-v-buchi/31784622.html |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=Радіо Свобода |language=uk |archive-date=14 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414165139/https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/pravnyky-ta-dyplomaty-naholoshuyut-na-henotsydi-v-buchi/31784622.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=AP |title=Kyiv mayor says Russian attacks in Bucha are 'genocide' |date=3 April 2022 |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/kyiv-mayor-says-russian-attacks-in-bucha-are-genocide/ |access-date=2022-06-22 |work=The Times of Israel |language=en-US |archive-date=3 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403105132/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/kyiv-mayor-says-russian-attacks-in-bucha-are-genocide/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-04 |title=Killings in Ukraine amount to genocide, Holocaust expert says |first=Andrew |last=Buncombe |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-bucha-war-crimes-genocide-b2050897.html |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=The Independent |language=en |archive-date=9 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409165511/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-bucha-war-crimes-genocide-b2050897.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-04-05 |title=Opinion {{!}} What's happening in Ukraine is genocide. Period. |first=Eugene |last=Finkel
|newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/04/05/russia-is-committing-genocide-in-ukraine/ |access-date=2022-06-22 |archive-date=12 April 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220412180205/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/04/05/russia-is-committing-genocide-in-ukraine/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Ukraine war: Is Russia committing genocide? |first=George |last=Wright |date=13 April 2022 |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61017352 |access-date=2022-06-22 |archive-date=22 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422194536/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61017352 |url-status=live }}</ref>}} (kot takega ga definira [[Vrhovna rada]]<ref name="Interfax_UA_parliament_genocide">{{Cite news |title=Rada recognizes Russian army's actions in Ukraine as genocide of Ukrainian people |date=14 April 2022 |url=https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/824182.html |access-date=2022-04-14 |agency=[[Interfax-Ukraine]] |archive-date=29 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220429202003/https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/824182.html |url-status=live }}</ref>)}}'''Pokol v Buči''' ({{Jezik-uk|Бучанська різанина|translit=Bučanska rizanina}}) poznan tudi kot '''genocid v Buči''' ({{Jezik-uk|геноцид у Бучі}})<ref>{{Cite web|title="Воєнні злочини і геноцид в Бучі вимагають додаткових санкцій проти Росії": світ реагує на масові вбивства цивільних в Бучі|url=https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/buch-henotsyd-rosiya-mizhnarodni-reaktsiyi/31784982.html|website=Радіо Свобода|date=2022-04-04|language=uk|accessdate=4 April 2022|archive-date=4 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404163525/https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/buch-henotsyd-rosiya-mizhnarodni-reaktsiyi/31784982.html}}</ref><ref>{{Navedi splet|title=НСЖУ закликає іноземні ЗМІ привертати увагу світу до геноциду в Бучі та Ірпені|url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-society/3447527-nszu-zaklikae-inozemni-zmi-privertati-uvagu-svitu-do-genocidu-v-buci-ta-irpeni.html|website=www.ukrinform.ua|date=2022-04-03|language=uk|accessdate=4 April 2022|archivedate=4 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404072454/https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-society/3447527-nszu-zaklikae-inozemni-zmi-privertati-uvagu-svitu-do-genocidu-v-buci-ta-irpeni.html}}</ref><ref>{{Navedi splet|title=Геноцид у Бучі: Україна зловила російських окупантів на брехні та розвінчала їхні фейки|url=https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/society/accidents/2022-04-04/genotsid-v-buche-ukraina-poymala-rossiyskih-okkupantov-na-lji-i-razvenchala-ih-feyki/264861|website=Апостроф|date=2022-04-04|language=uk|accessdate=4 April 2022|archivedate=3 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403222927/https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/society/accidents/2022-04-04/genotsid-v-buche-ukraina-poymala-rossiyskih-okkupantov-na-lji-i-razvenchala-ih-feyki/264861}}</ref> je bil množični pokol ukrajinskih civilistov in vojnih ujetnikov<ref>{{Navedi novice|last=Al-Hlou|first=Yousur|last2=Froliak|first2=Masha|last3=Khavin|first3=Dmitriy|last4=Koettl|first4=Christoph|last5=Willis|first5=Haley|last6=Cardia|first6=Alexander|last7=Reneau|first7=Natalie|last8=Browne|first8=Malachy|date=2022-12-22|title=Caught on Camera, Traced by Phone: The Russian Military Unit That Killed Dozens in Bucha|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/22/video/russia-ukraine-bucha-massacre-takeaways.html|accessdate=2022-12-24|page=4 min 54 s ff|issn=0362-4331|archivedate=24 December 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224170756/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/22/video/russia-ukraine-bucha-massacre-takeaways.html}}</ref> s strani [[Oborožene sile Ruske federacije|ruskih oboroženih sil]] med [[Bitka za Bučo|bitko za Bučo]] ter sledečo okupacijo mesta [[Buča (Ukrajina)|Buča]], ki je bila del [[Ruska invazija na Ukrajino|ruske invazije na Ukrajino]]. Po osvoboditvi Buče 1. aprila 2022 so se pojavili prvi (razen satelitskih posnetkov) foto in video dokazi o pokolu.<ref>{{Navedi splet|date=4 April 2022|title=Russia's Bucha 'Facts' Versus the Evidence|url=https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2022/04/04/russias-bucha-facts-versus-the-evidence/|accessdate=20 April 2022|website=[[Bellingcat]]|language=en-GB|archivedate=4 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404212140/https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2022/04/04/russias-bucha-facts-versus-the-evidence/}}</ref><ref>{{Navedi splet|title=Буча. Разбираем российские версии|trans-title=Bucha. Parsing Russian versions|first=Maksim|last=Litavrin|date=5 April 2022|url=https://zona.media/article/2022/04/05/versions|accessdate=20 April 2022|website=Медиазона|language=ru|archivedate=8 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408085543/https://zona.media/article/2022/04/05/versions}}</ref>
Po podatkih lokalnih oblasti so v Buči našli 458 trupel, od tega 9 otrok mlajših od 18 let. 419 žrtev je bilo ubitih z orožjem, 39 pa naj bi umrlo zaradi naravnih vzrokov morda povezanih z okupacijo.<ref name="babel-ua">{{Navedi splet|date=8 August 2022|title=At least 458 Ukrainians died in the Bucha community as a result of the actions of the Russians|url=https://babel.ua/en/news/82626-at-least-458-ukrainians-died-in-the-bucha-community-as-a-result-of-the-actions-of-the-russians|accessdate=2022-09-13|website=babel.ua|language=en|archivedate=13 September 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913165047/https://babel.ua/en/news/82626-at-least-458-ukrainians-died-in-the-bucha-community-as-a-result-of-the-actions-of-the-russians}}</ref><ref>{{Navedi novice|date=8 August 2022|title=Accounting of bodies in Bucha nears completion|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/08/08/ukraine-bucha-bodies/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809120452/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/08/08/ukraine-bucha-bodies/|archivedate=9 August 2022|accessdate=2022-09-13|work=[[Washington Post]]|language=en}}</ref> Komisar [[Organizacija združenih narodov|OZN]] za človekove pravice je dokumentiral uboje najmanj 73 civilistov, več je bilo usmrčenih po kratkem postopku.<ref>{{Navedi poročilo|url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/country-reports/situation-human-rights-ukraine-context-armed-attack-russian-federation|title=The situation of human rights in Ukraine in the context of the armed attack by the Russian Federation, 24 February to 15 May 2022|date=29 June 2022|publisher=[[OHCHR]]|access-date=9 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702112851/https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/country-reports/situation-human-rights-ukraine-context-armed-attack-russian-federation|archive-date=2 July 2022}}</ref><ref name="UN202212">{{Navedi splet|title=UN report details summary executions of civilians by Russian troops in northern Ukraine|url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2022/12/un-report-details-summary-executions-civilians-russian-troops-northern|accessdate=2023-01-21|website=OHCHR|language=en|archivedate=26 January 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126141843/https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2022/12/un-report-details-summary-executions-civilians-russian-troops-northern}}</ref>
Vrstica 10 ⟶ 9:
Po osvoboditvi Buče se je pojavilo več fotografij, na katerih so trupla civilistov postavljena v vrsto, z zvezanimi rokami in ustreljenimi od blizu.<ref>{{Navedi splet|title=Explained: What happened in Ukraine's Bucha, and was it 'genocide'?|first=Mira|last=Patel|location=Mumbai|date=7 April 2022|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-what-happened-in-bucha-ukraine-and-was-it-genocide-7854561/|accessdate=9 April 2022|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archivedate=6 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406000654/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-what-happened-in-bucha-ukraine-and-was-it-genocide-7854561/}}</ref> ''Radio Free Europe'' je poročal o uporabi kleti v mestu kot mučilnice.<ref>{{Navedi splet|title=Inside An 'Execution Cellar' In Ukraine|date=5 April 2022|first=Borys|last=Sachalko|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-execution-cellar/31787326.html|accessdate=9 April 2022|website=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]|archivedate=7 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407203455/https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-execution-cellar/31787326.html}}</ref><ref name="BBC_toll">{{Navedi splet|date=16 May 2022|title=The children's camp that became an execution ground|first=Sarah|last=Rainsford|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-61442387|website=[[BBC News]]|accessdate=16 May 2022|archivedate=16 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516063124/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-61442387}}</ref> Več najdenih trupel je bilo pohabljenih in zažganih.<ref name="BBCN_Limaye">{{Navedi novice|last=Limaye|first=Yogita|date=11 April 2022|title=Ukraine conflict: 'Russian soldiers raped me and killed my husband'|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61071243|accessdate=4 May 2022|archivedate=7 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507021252/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61071243}}</ref><ref>{{Navedi splet|title=In Bucha, Ukraine, burned, piled bodies among latest horrors|first=Oleksandr|last=Stashevskyi|first2=Cara|last2=Anna|date=6 April 2022|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/bucha-ukraine-burned-piled-bodies-latest-horrors-83902341|accessdate=9 April 2022|website=[[ABC News]]|archivedate=6 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406044231/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/bucha-ukraine-burned-piled-bodies-latest-horrors-83902341}}</ref> Dekleta iz mesta (najmlajša stara 14 let) so poročala, da so jih ruski vojaki posilili.<ref name="BBCN_Limaye" /><ref>{{Navedi novice|title=Women and girls as young as 14 report being raped by Russian soldiers|first=Jimmy|last=Nsubuga|date=6 April 2022|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/russia-ukraine-war-rape-bucha-war-crimes-172831878.html|accessdate=9 April 2022|work=Yahoo! News|archivedate=6 April 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406230335/https://uk.news.yahoo.com/russia-ukraine-war-rape-bucha-war-crimes-172831878.html}}</ref> Ruski vojaki so v prestrezenih telefonskih pogovorih lov ljudi s seznamov, »filtriranje«, mučenje in usmrititve imenovali »''začistka''« (čiščenje).<ref>{{Navedi splet|title=How Russian Soldiers Ran a "Cleansing" Operation in Bucha, Ukraine|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/russian-soldiers-cleansing-operation-bucha-ukraine/|accessdate=2023-12-30|website=FRONTLINE|language=en-US}}</ref> Ukrajina je zaprosila [[Mednarodno kazensko sodišče]], naj v okviru preiskave invazije razišče, kaj se je zgodilo v Buči, da bi ugotovila, ali so bili storjeni [[Ruski vojni zločini|vojni zločini]] ali [[Zločin proti človeštvu|zločini proti človeštvu]].<ref>{{Navedi splet|title=Retreat of Russian forces uncovers evidence of possible war crimes|date=3 April 2022|url=https://english.elpais.com/international/2022-04-03/retreat-of-russian-forces-uncovers-evidence-of-possible-war-crimes.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404012900/https://english.elpais.com/international/2022-04-03/retreat-of-russian-forces-uncovers-evidence-of-possible-war-crimes.html|archivedate=4 April 2022|accessdate=4 April 2022|website=[[El País]]}}</ref><ref>{{Navedi splet|title=War Crimes Watch: Hard Path to Justice in Bucha, Ukraine, Atrocities|date=4 April 2022|first=Erika|last=Kinetz|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/bucha-ukraine-civilian-deaths-justice-tribunal-international-criminal-court/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407202945/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/bucha-ukraine-civilian-deaths-justice-tribunal-international-criminal-court/|archivedate=7 April 2022|accessdate=5 April 2022|website=[[PBS|Frontline]]|publisher=PBS}}</ref>
Rusija je odgovornost zanikala in trdila, da je Ukrajina ali ponaredila posnetke ali poboje storila sama kot del operacije pod lažno zastavo.<ref
== Ozadje ==
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