Boeing 314 Clipper
Boeing 314 Clipper je bil štirimotorna potniška leteča ladja z dolgim dosegom. Proizvajalo ga je ameriško podjetje Boeing, v letih 1938−1941 so zgradili 12 letal. Clipper je uporabljal veliko krilo od prototipa bombnika XB-15.[1]
Boeing 314 Clipper | |
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Boeing 314 Clipper | |
Vloga | Potniška leteča ladja |
Proizvajalec/-ci | Boeing Airplane Company |
Krstni polet | 7. junij 1938 |
Predstavljen | 1939 |
Upokojen | 1946 |
Status | Upokojen |
Glavni uporabniki | Pan American World Airways British Overseas Airways Corporation Ameriška mornarica |
Izdelovan | 1938–1941 |
Število izdelanih | 12 |
V 1930ih je ameriška letalska družba Pan Am zahtevala letečo ladjo z zelo velikim dosegom za čezoceanske lete. Boeingov predlog je bil uspešene in 21. julija 1936 je Pan Am naročil šest letal. Boeingovi inženiriji so uporabili krilo od XB-15 in zamenjal 850 konjske zvezdaste motorje Pratt & Whitney Twin Wasp z 1600 konjskimi zvezdastimi Wright Twin Cyclone. Kasneje je Pan Am naročil še šest letal. Clipperja so sestavili v tovarni Boeing's Plant 1. Prvi let je bil 7. junija 1938.
Clipper ima visoko nameščeno kantilever krilo. Rezervoraji za gorivo imajo kapaciteto 16070 litrov letalskega bencina, verzija 314A ima še dodatni 4500 litrski rezervoar. Štirje zvezdasti motorji imajo okrog 1100 litrov mazalnega olja.
Tehnične specifikacije (314A Clipper)
urediPodatki iz Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II
Splošne karakteristike
- Posadka: 11
- Število sedežev: 74 potnikov v "dnevni" konfiguraciji, 36 potnikov v "nočni"
- Tovor: 10000 lb (4500 kg)
- Dolžina: 106 ft (32,33 m)
- Razpon kril: 152 ft (46,36 m)
- Višina: 20 ft 4½ in (6,22 m)
- Teža praznega letala: 48400 lb (21900 kg)
- Naložena teža: 84000 lb (38000 kg)
- Pogon letala: 4 × radialni motor Wright R-2600-3, 1600 KM (1200 kW) vsak
Zmogljivost
- Maks. hitrost: 210 mph (180 vozlov, 340 km/h)
- Potovalna hitrost: 188 mph (163 vozlov, 302 km/h) na 11000 ft (3400 m)
- Doseg: 3685 mi (3201 nm, 5896 km)
- Višina leta: 19600 ft (5980 m)
Glej tudi
urediSklici in reference
uredi- ↑ Follett, Ken (1991). »Author's Note«. Night over water. New York: William Morrow and Company. str. 399. ISBN 0-688-04660-6. LCCN 91017701.
Bibliografija
uredi- Bowers, Peter M. "The Great Clippers, Part I." Airpower, Volume 7, No. 6, November 1977.
- Bowers, Peter M. "The Great Clippers, Part II." Wings, Volume 7, No. 6, December 1977.
- Bridgeman, Leonard. “The Boeing 314-A Clipper.” Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London: Studio, 1946. ISBN 1-85170-493-0.
- Brock, Horace. Flying the Oceans: A Pilot's Story of Pan Am, 1935-1955. New York: Jason Aronson, Inc., 3d edition: 1978, ISBN 0-87668-632-3.
- Dorr, Robert F. Air Force One. New York: Zenith Imprint, 2002. ISBN 0-7603-1055-6.
- Dover, Ed. The Long Way Home: A Journey into History with Captain Robert Ford. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Amazon POD, Revised Edition 2010, First edition 2008. ISBN 978-0-615-21472-6.
- Hardesty, Von. Air Force One: The Aircraft that Shaped the Modern Presidency. Chanhassen, Minnesota: Northword Press, 2003. ISBN 1-55971-894-3.
- Klaás, M.D. "Clipper Across the Pacific, Part One." Air Classics, Volume 25, No. 12, December 1989.
- Klaás, M.D. "Clipper Across the Pacific, Part Two." Air Classics, Volume 26, No. 1, January 1990.
- Klaás, M.D. "Clipper Flight 9035." Air Classics, Volume 29, No. 2, February 1993.
- Klaás, M.D. "The Incredible Clippers." Air Classics, Volume 5, No. 5, June 1969.
- Klaás, M.D. "When the Clippers Went to War" Air Classics, Volume 27, No. 4, April 1991.
- "Towards the Flying Ship - Details of the Boeing 314 or Atlantic Clipper: A 100-passenger Successor?" Flight, July 21, 1938, pp. 67–68.
Zunanje povezave
uredi- The Boeing 314
- Pan American Clippers 1931-1946
- Boeing 314
- Boeing 314
- Boeing 314 Arhivirano 2021-02-11 na Wayback Machine.
- [1] LIFE colour photo camouflaged Clipper La Guardia Marine Terminal ca.1942
- [2] LIFE photo essay (comprehensive)'Pan American Clipper Ship' includes NC18605 in a glass doored hangar 1940
- [3] LIFE photo Pan Am skipper flying the 314
- [4] LIFE photo essay 'Pan American Clipper'includes Eve Curie leading pax off Clipper at Lisbon 1940
- [5][6] LIFE photos NC18602 in Singapore Harbour 1941
- China Clipper 75th Anniversary Commemorative Flight (November 2010 - San Francisco Aeronautical Society)
- "Two Day Turn Around", February 1941 article
- "Three Deck Clipper Has Aisle In Wings", Popular Mechanics, August 1937, early article on Pan American Airways new airliner for trans-ocean flight
- "New York To Europe By Clipper", Popular MechanicsMay 1939, large article with cutaway drawing of interior
- "Sailors of the Sky", Popular Mechanics, December 1940, detailed article with photos on flight deck operations of the Boeing 314