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Konservativni revolucionarji

Konzervativni revolucionarji je bilo nemško konservativno gibanje v letih po prvi svetovni vojni. Gibanje je predstavljalo nov nemški in še posebej pruski konservativizem in nacionalizem. Za razliko od drugih konservativnih gibanj, so poskušali zaustaviti popularnost liberalizma in komunizma.

Zgodovina uredi

Konservativni revolucionarji so utemeljevali svoje ideje v organskem, namesto na materialističnemu razmišljanju, na kvaliteti namesto kvantiteti in na narodni skupnosti namesto na družbenem razredu. Pisatelji so napisali več nacionalistične literature, ki je nastala na izkušnji prve svetovne vojne, kamor sodijo vojni dnevniki, romani, manifesti in filozofska dela, ki kličejo k transformaciji nemške culture in političnega življenja. Ogrorčeni so bili nad liberalizmom in egalitarizmom, zavračali pa so komercialno kulturo in urbano civilizacijo. Zavzemali so se za uničenje liberalne vladavine, po potrebi tudi revolucionalno, da bi naredili novo vladavino.

Ime “konservativni revolucionarji” se je pojavilo po prvi svetovni vojni. Gibanje ni bilo homogeno, temveč so imeli zelo različne ideje. Nekateri so v začetku podpirali nacional socializem (Arthur Moeller van den Bruck), drugi so mu kasneje nasprotovali (Carl Schmitt) ali pa bili celo žrtve sistema. [1]

Pomembni člani uredi

Viri uredi

  1. ↑ Bullivant, Keith, The Conservative Revolution in Phelan, Anthony (ed.), The Weimar dilemma: intellectuals in the Weimar Republic, Manchester University Press (1985), p. 66

Literatura uredi

  • Travers, Martin (2001). Critics of Modernity: The Literature of the Conservative Revolution in Germany, 1890-1933. Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 0-8204-4927-X.
  • Herf, Jeffrey (2002). Reactionary Modernism: Technology, Culture, and Politics in Weimar and the Third Reich (reprint izd.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-33833-6.
  • Stern, Fritz (1974). The Politics of Cultural Despair: A Study in the Rise of the Germanic Ideology (New izd.). University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-02626-8.
  • Woods, Roger (1996). The Conservative Revolution in the Weimar Republic. St. Martin’s Press. str. 29. ISBN 0-333-65014-X.

Ostala literatura uredi

  • Dakin, Edwin F. Today and Destiny: Vital Excepts from the Decline of the West of Oswald Spengler. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962.
  • "Arthur Moeller van den Bruck: Une 'Question a la Destinee Allemande.'" Nouvelle Ecole No. 35 (January 1980), pp. 40–73.
  • De Benoist, Alain. "Julius Evola, réactionnaire radical et métaphysicien engagé. Analyse critique de la pensée politique de Julius Evola," Nouvelle Ecole, No. 53–54 (2003), pp. 147–69.
  • Dugin, Alexander. "Conservatism and Postmodernity", in The Fourth Political Theory. London: Arktos, 2012.
  • Fischer, Klaus P. History and Prophecy: Oswald Spengler and the Decline of the West. New York: P. Lang, 1989.
  • Gottfried, Paul. Carl Schmitt: Politics and Theory. Westport and New York: Greenwood Press, 1990.
  • Gottfried, Paul. “Hugo von Hofmannsthal and the Interwar European Right.” Modern Age, Vol. 49, No. 4 (Fall 2007), pp. 508–19.
  • Haag, John J. Othmar Spann and the Politics of "Totality": Corporatism in Theory and Practice. Ph.D. Thesis, Rice University, 1969.
  • Hansen, H.T. "Julius Evola’s Political Endeavors". In: Evola, Julius. Men Among the Ruins: Postwar Reflections of a Radical Traditionalist. Rochester: Inner Traditions, 2002.
  • Hughes, H. Stuart. Oswald Spengler: A Critical Estimate. New York: Scribner's, 1962.
  • Jacob, Alexander. Europa: German Conservative Foreign Policy 1870-1940. Lanham, MD, USA: University Press of America, 2002.
  • Jones, Larry Eugene & Retallack, James (eds.). Between Reform, Reaction, and Resistance. Studies in the History of German Conservatism from 1789 to 1945. Providence, Oxford: Berg., 1993.
  • Jones, Larry Eugene. "Edgar Julius Jung: The Conservative Revolution in Theory and Practice." Conference Group for Central European History of the American Historical Association, vol. 21, Issue 02 (1988), pp. 142–174.
  • Jung, Edgar Julius. The Rule of the Inferiour, 2 Vols. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1995.
  • Kaes, Anton, Martin Jay, & Edward Dimendberg (eds.). The Weimar Republic Sourcebook. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.
  • Kaltenbrunner, Gerd-Klaus. Europa: Seine geistigen Quellen in Portraits aus zwei Jahrtausenden, Vol. 1. Heroldsberg: Christiania-Verlag, 1981.
  • Lauryssens, Stan. The Man Who Invented the Third Reich: The Life and Times of Arthur Moeller Van Den Bruck. Sutton Publishing, NY, 2003.
  • Maass, Sebastian. Die andere deutsche Revolution: Edgar Julius Jung und die metaphysischen Grundlagen der Konservativen Revolution. Kiel: Regin Verlag, 2009.
  • Messner, Johannes. Social Ethics: Natural Law in the Western World. St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co., 1965.
  • Moeller van den Bruck, Arthur. Germany's Third Empire. London: Arktos Media, 2012.
  • Mohler, Armin. Die Konservative Revolution in Deutschland 1918–1932. Stuttgart: Friedrich Vorwerk Verlag, 1950.
  • Muller, Jerry Z. The Other God that Failed: Hans Freyer and the Deradicalization of German Conservatism. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988.
  • Struve, Walter. Elites Against Democracy; Leadership Ideals in Bourgeois Political Thought in Germany, 1890-1933. Princeton: Princeton University, 1973.
  • Sunic, Tomislav. Against Democracy and Equality: The European New Right, Third Edition. London: Arktos, 2010.
  • Szaz, Zoltan Michael. "The Ideological Precursors of National Socialism." The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 4 (Dec., 1963), pp. 924–945.
  • Von Klemperer, Klemens. Germany's New Conservatism: Its History And Dilemma In The Twentieth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968.
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